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Environmental News>

The EU is concerned about polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in textiles and footwear.

2012-01-05

Human health risk assessment plays an important role in chemical management. With the discovery of high levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in everyday commodities, the use of these substances is attracting increasing attention from EU countries.

Due to the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), one or more PAHs contained in consumer products are considered a significant cause of health problems in humans. Currently, there is evidence suggesting that PAHs may cause cancer. Some migration tests also indicate that materials containing high levels of PAHs can release PAHs, which may be absorbed through the skin or migrate into the human body after skin contact. Therefore, the health risks posed by skin contact cannot be ignored.

PAHs are commonly found in organic materials such as wood, petroleum, and animal fats. PAH pollution is primarily caused by the incomplete combustion of organic materials such as coal, petroleum, and wood, which produces volatile hydrocarbons. PAHs in rubber and plastics pose the greatest risk, and besides Germany, other EU countries have also paid close attention to this substance.

In light of this, in June 2012, Germany proposed that the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) extend the restrictions on PAHs beyond tires and other consumer products. While there are currently no legal restrictions on the use of PAHs in consumer products such as textiles and footwear, the industry is gradually implementing "voluntary" requirements to control PAHs in products. A major reason for this is that the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) listed 16 PAHs as carcinogens. This list is also used in German GS certification. Recently, the German AtAV also requested that the list of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons required for the GS mark be increased from 16 to 18, adding two substances: benzo[j]fluoranthene and benzo[e]pyrene.

The requirements for PAHs in the United States and Germany are shown in the following figure:

Require
United States - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency	Germany's proposed requirements under the REACH regulation	Germany's proposed new GS certification requirements
(i) Skin contact time exceeding 30 seconds under foreseeable conditions (prolonged contact): Benzo[a]pyrene: 1 mg/kg Total amount of 16 PAHs: 10 mg/kg (ii) Skin contact time less than 30 seconds under foreseeable conditions (short-term contact): Benzo[a]pyrene: 20 mg/kg Total amount of 16 PAHs: 200 mg/kg	The content in consumer products is 0.2 mg/kg.	(i) Foreseeable skin contact time exceeding 30 seconds (prolonged contact): Benzo[a]pyrene: 1 mg/kg Total of 18 PAHs: 10 mg/kg (ii) Foreseeable skin contact time less than 30 seconds (short-term contact): Benzo[a]pyrene: 20 mg/kg Total of 18 PAHs: 200 mg/kg

Source: WTO Inspection and Quarantine Information Network

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